城市老区街道景观改造-街区案例-筑龙园林景观论坛

标签：街区城市老区街道景观改造西班牙

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Old city street landscape transformation

位置：西班牙

分类：街区

内容：实景照片

景观设计：Pol Femenias

图片来源：Pol Femenias

图片：17张

巴塞罗那城区附近有一个夹道生存的老社区，老工人阶级在此聚居。该地最近工厂进行拆迁，留出空地建立地下停车场，并进行景观改造。改造保留的了老建筑的外立面，并为其增加城市街道设施，类似一个小型的社区花园。由于空间有限，公共空间被分成几个区段，并且每个部分都具有独特的景观设计，不仅在平面和剖面中与旁边主干道形成隔离，并且形成一块一块的社区花园，十分清新。

现有的墙壁采用彩色的陶瓷块加以修饰，七个主色调形成陶瓷原料颜色，并用简单的几何图形展现形式。墙壁混合了不同的材质，展现了丰富多样的层次和纹理，同时，使整个空间形成一个连续的表面。建筑外立面改造中材料以煮熟的高温瓷为主，能够保证在温度和天气变化中保持较好的状态，不易破坏。

译者：饭团小组

The intervention takes place in the middle of one of the densest neighbourhoods in Sant Feliu de Llobregat, near Barcelona. A working-class neighbourhood, grown around the old textile factories, wall to wall, with humble dwellings of the workers themselves. The demolition of one of the last factories still standing was used to build underground parking to supply the district of La Salut , leaving in the place where the factory was a large gap in the form of concrete cover for this parking.

The proposal extended the existing walls of the old houses, shaping each parterre of the park. As slices of bread, the public space is composed by different corners of smaller scale, almost domestic, with the will to make visitors feel comfortable in a more accessible area by fragmenting it . Thus, each section is designed uniquely in both plan and section, creating topographies that shelter and insulate the walker from the adjacent road.

The emptiness left by the old factory exposed the walls of the old houses, previously hidden, which now became the facade of the public space. The choice of ceramics as a material to cover those old walls was almost automatic. The ceramics cooked at high temperature allowed us to work with an inexpensive, strong material, guaranteeing an optimal aging in front of frost, rain and temperature changes.

It was our intention to recover the ceramic industrial past as a memory of the site and, at the same time, as a replica of the walls of the existing patios. The new wall would incorporate the richness of the old walls, a collage of textures and holes, reflecting different states and interventions that the city had suffered over time. Only a wall composed by ceramic pieces allowed us to sift the vision of those backyards , and yet incorporate its irregularities , twists and exceptions.

By determining a simple geometry, with the fewest parts possible, we got sufficient resources to cover a facade of 150m and incorporate the requirements of the existing enclosures. First, the wall should keep the coronation of the existing walls, made of different materials and with different heights, tracing as well as possible a continuous horizon that wrapped them all. Second, we needed to maintain the varying degrees of opacity that those walls had, going from block walls to fully transparent fences. The ceramic wall should allow us to incorporate these different gradations and textures, and should do it in a continuous finish throughout the park. After several failures, we defined the final geometry of a self-supporting wall consisting of only three ceramic pieces: a 20×20x20cm cube and a 20×13,5cm rhombus (opaque or perforated) . The cube allowed an optimization of the production, as it worked opaque or transparent depending on the side it was placed on. The assembly of these three pieces allowed an almost organic coronation of the wall, wrapping the different heights in a single stroke.

The colour range for the ceramic blocks was taken from the existing walls, reducing the rear facades to seven predominant colours. These seven tones, along with the ceramic raw colour, gave us the eight predominant tones for the wall. These eight tones either bright glazed or matte, applied to opaque or perforated pieces, would allow us to incorporate the different requirements to the wall.