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The High Line; Manhattan’s Garden Park

设计师：詹姆斯•科纳

位置：美国

分类：公园

内容：实景照片

图片来源：Steven Severinghaus、Reston2020

图片：6张

与中央公园和展望公园不同，高线公园没有大片的草地,没有棒球场也没有池塘，它完全是一片植物的海洋。著名的园林设计师Piet Oudolf将高线公园设想作为一个草地花园，它在高于曼哈顿的繁忙的街道的地方创造了一片能够让人联想到英国乡村的草地。虽然场地里没有大型的结构和宏伟的纪念碑，高线公园依旧巧妙自然地成为工业革命时期人口最多城市中一处最不寻常的地方。

高线公园中存留的铁轨、曼妙的植物、它在城市连接上起到的重要作用都使得高线公园充满魅力。人们可以经过多处出入口进入高线公园，很多人甚至分不清楚自己到底是在公园内还是在公园外部。不过，高线公园并不像周围许多公园那样建设成为一个充满了人为文化和商业的国际风景区，而是注重自然，力求让人有一种离开城市、亲近自然的美好感受。

现代城市公园的目标一直是希望为城市居民提供一个与日常城市生活所不同的环境。市民们希望可以看到充满树木和植物绿洲，希望可以在草地上野餐，和朋友打棒球，总之就是在不逃离城市边界的情况下享受到城市之外的生活。为了这样的目标，设计师往往会设计具有大面积的绿色草坪和树木种植的城市公园和开放空间。尽管这些公园也为城市居民提供一个享受自然的地方，但是往往会给人一种矫枉过正的感觉。整齐修剪的草坪，笔直的行道树，水体的形状都能让人看到明显的人工的痕迹。

不过此次高线公园的设计摒弃了这样一套景观设计的标准流程。设计师令这里的植物看起来就像土生土长的一样，仿佛已经存在很多年。这里没有棒球场地，没有大型建筑物也没有显眼的纪念碑，有的只是蜿蜒的道路径和一望无尽的植物。

高线公园是完全融入城市的。与大多数城市公园的相比，它不像一个公园，而更像一个城市的后花园。植物开出的花朵看起来也仿佛是当地的居民一样，给人一种温暖的独特的归属感。

译者： 饭团小组

Unlike Central Park or Prospect Park, the High Line has no swaths of grass, no baseball fields, no pond. In contrast to most urban parks, the High Line is about the plants. And the plants are magnificent.

Renowned garden designer Piet Oudolf envisioned the High Line as a meadow garden. Seemingly an unusual choice for an urban park, Oudolf has created a meadow reminiscent of the English countryside above the busy streets of Manhattan. Devoid of large structures and grand monuments, the High Line subtly invokes nature in the most unusual place; an abandoned elevated railway built during the industrial revolution in the midst of the country’s most populous city.

What makes the High Line so fascinating is the juxtaposition between the urban, utilitarian setting of the former rail line and the beautiful garden that has been created there. The lines of most urban parks are defined. They begin at a certain spot and you enter into them. You are either in the park or you are not. But with the High Line one does not so much enter the park as become engulfed by it. You ascend one of many staircases to gain entry to the park and as you do the city seems to slip away by degrees. However, the High Line does not entirely eschew its urban surroundings as the garden is built into the landscape of an international city teeming with man made culture and commerce. Instead of turning its back on its urban setting by trying to make you feel like you have left the city, the High Line embraces its urban nature and incorporates it into the wonderful garden that has been created.

The object of the modern city park has long been to provide city dwellers with a place that is the opposite of city life. An oasis where one can see trees and plants, picnic in the grass, play baseball with friends, and can, in a sense, step away from the city without leaving its boundaries. To this end people have designed urban parks with wide open spaces, large swaths of green lawns and trees planted here and there. Although these parks are useful in providing urbanites with a place to enjoy nature, they often have the sense of trying too hard. The grass is a bit too manicured, the trees are in too straight of a line, the body of water obviously man made. They are areas set apart for the enjoyment of “nature,” yet their very essence as designed spaces work against this end.

The High Line departs from this norm. It is not set apart from the city; it is a part of it. Built around the elevated rail line so that it wraps around city building after city building, it is elemental to the city. One does not so much go to the High Line as one participates in it. The plantings look like they belong. Despite being the newest addition to the litany of parks in New York City the High Line looks, to the casual observer, like it has been there for years. There is nothing forced about it. It fits the space in which it exists. There are no baseball fields, no large structures, no significant monuments. Aside from art installations dotted around the site, the park is made up of a meandering paths and plants. Plants as far as the eye can see.

The High Line is integrated into the city. More a part of the city than most urban parks; it feels less like a park and more like a garden. Planted around railroad ties the flowers of the High Line burst forth looking like long term residents. There is a distinct sense of belonging.Although my first trip to the High Line was on a blustery winter day in a snowstorm I couldn’t help but feel, when I was in the park, that I was miles away from the city. The High Line has a way of transporting you seemingly magically to an enchanted place.

曼哈顿高线公园外部图

曼哈顿高线公园外部图

曼哈顿高线公园外部图

曼哈顿高线公园外部图

曼哈顿高线公园外部图